Understanding Acute Kidney Injury (AKI): When Your Kidneys Suddenly Struggle

Understanding Acute Kidney Injury (AKI): When Your Kidneys Suddenly Struggle By Dr. Debabrata Mukherjee Senior Director – Renal Sciences, Medanta The Medicity, Gurugram What is Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)? Acute Kidney Injury, or AKI, refers to a sudden and rapid decline in kidney function , which can occur over hours or days. In AKI, the kidneys lose their ability to filter waste products, balance fluids, and regulate electrolytes — essential functions for life. This condition requires prompt diagnosis and treatment because, if left untreated, it can lead to serious complications or even become life-threatening. Why Does AKI Happen? AKI can be broadly categorized into three major types , depending on the underlying cause: 🩸 1. Prerenal AKI: Decreased Blood Flow to the Kidneys This is the most common form and occurs due to reduced blood supply to the kidneys , often without direct kidney damage. Common causes include: Severe dehydration (hypovolemia) Major blood ...